I'm kind of surprised that even boots, as it is missing all the model specific device tree files. However -- what is on your /working/ card is not relevant... What does your newly imaged card display?
I just used Etcher to write the 3.4.17 image to a a SanDisk 16GB card. The resulting FAT partition contains:
Code: Select all
C:\Users\Wulfraed>dir i: /a/s
Volume in drive I is boot
Volume Serial Number is 22E0-C711
Directory of I:\
07/17/2017 09:17 PM <DIR> overlays
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 15,456 bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 18,693 COPYING.linux
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,494 LICENCE.broadcom
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 16,523 bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 15,197 bcm2708-rpi-b.dtb
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 14,916 bcm2708-rpi-cm.dtb
05/27/2016 01:41 PM 145 issue.txt
07/06/2018 07:17 AM <DIR> .fseventsd
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 17,624 bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 50,248 bootcode.bin
08/02/2016 10:36 AM 132 cmdline.txt
08/18/2017 09:06 AM 1,830 config.txt
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 6,674 fixup.dat
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,583 fixup_cd.dat
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 9,813 fixup_db.dat
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 9,813 fixup_x.dat
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 4,379,032 kernel.img
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 4,579,248 kernel7.img
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,855,556 start.elf
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 659,492 start_cd.elf
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 4,993,604 start_db.elf
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 3,939,492 start_x.elf
05/27/2016 01:41 PM 18,974 LICENSE.oracle
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 16,380 bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 15,660 bcm2708-rpi-0-w.dtb
10/01/2019 01:00 PM <DIR> System Volume Information
24 File(s) 21,638,579 bytes
Directory of I:\overlays
05/27/2016 12:40 PM <DIR> .
05/27/2016 12:40 PM <DIR> ..
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,387 akkordion-iqdacplus.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 64,913 README
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,027 adau1977-adc.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,426 ads7846.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 449 bmp085_i2c-sensor.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 787 audioinjector-wm8731-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,668 at86rf233.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,298 rra-digidac1-wm8741-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,425 ads1015.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 983 dht11.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 789 dpi24.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 423 dwc-otg.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 852 dwc2.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,403 enc28j60.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,036 gpio-ir.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 901 gpio-poweroff.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 779 hifiberry-amp.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 655 hifiberry-dac.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,693 hifiberry-dacplus.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 959 hifiberry-digi.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,468 hy28a.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,939 hy28b.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 991 i2c-gpio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,185 i2c-mux.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 644 i2c-pwm-pca9685a.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 3,442 i2c-rtc.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,182 i2c0-bcm2708.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 854 i2c1-bcm2708.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 343 i2s-gpio28-31.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,425 ads1115.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,272 iqaudio-dac.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,511 iqaudio-dacplus.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,276 justboom-dac.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,348 lirc-rpi.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,833 mcp2515-can0.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,833 mcp2515-can1.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,099 mmc.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,850 mz61581.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 569 pi3-act-led.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 818 pi3-disable-bt.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,105 pi3-miniuart-bt.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,713 piscreen.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,617 piscreen2r.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,544 pitft22.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,385 pitft28-capacitive.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,802 pitft28-resistive.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,043 pps-gpio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,057 pwm-2chan.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 946 pwm.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,315 qca7000.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,301 raspidac3.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 489 rpi-backlight.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 643 rpi-dac.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,524 rpi-display.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 462 rpi-ft5406.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 771 rpi-proto.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 893 rpi-sense.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 846 sdhost.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 666 spi-gpio35-39.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 981 smi.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,326 iqaudio-digi-wm8804-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,508 smi-nand.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,011 allo-piano-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,547 spi1-1cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,920 spi1-2cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,293 spi1-3cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,547 spi2-1cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,920 spi2-2cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,293 spi2-3cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 4,878 tinylcd35.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,473 allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 758 vga666.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 980 uart1.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,251 w1-gpio-pullup.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,116 w1-gpio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,080 wittypi.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,587 adau7002-simple.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,329 mcp23017.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,078 sdio-1bit.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 376 smi-dev.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 575 audremap.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 663 dionaudio-loco.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 765 dpi18.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,125 hifiberry-digi-pro.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 955 justboom-digi.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 15,229 mcp23s17.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,174 sc16is750-i2c.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,875 sc16is752-spi1.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 635 spi-rtc.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 492 spi0-hw-cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 3,108 vc4-kms-v3d.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,116 sdio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 699 sdtweak.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,802 pitft35-resistive.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,454 pisound.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,279 enc28j60-spi2.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 2,864 i2c-sensor.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 4,237 mcp3008.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 265 pi3-disable-wifi.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 919 spi0-cs.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,585 allo-piano-dac-plus-pcm512x-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,412 vc4-fkms-v3d.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 499 rpi-tv.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 270 i2c-bcm2708.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,027 dionaudio-loco-v2.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,932 fe-pi-audio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,437 goodix.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 720 midi-uart0.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 3,406 rpi-cirrus-wm5102.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 4,143 i2c-rtc-gpio.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,208 allo-digione.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,259 googlevoicehat-soundcard.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 857 midi-uart1.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 796 mpu6050.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,275 rotary-encoder.dtbo
07/17/2017 09:17 PM 1,972 audioinjector-addons.dtbo
116 File(s) 244,138 bytes
Directory of I:\.fseventsd
07/06/2018 07:18 AM <DIR> .
07/06/2018 07:17 AM <DIR> ..
07/06/2018 07:18 AM 36 fseventsd-uuid
07/06/2018 07:18 AM 46 0000000000528ae8
07/06/2018 07:18 AM 71 0000000000528ae9
3 File(s) 153 bytes
Directory of I:\System Volume Information
10/01/2019 01:00 PM <DIR> .
10/01/2019 01:00 PM <DIR> ..
10/01/2019 01:00 PM 76 IndexerVolumeGuid
1 File(s) 76 bytes
Total Files Listed:
144 File(s) 21,882,946 bytes
9 Dir(s) 43,180,032 bytes free
C:\Users\Wulfraed>
and that is only the stuff in, as mentioned, the 63MB FAT format boot partition used by the R-Pi. The Linux partition(s) are unreadable by Windows -- and I don't know enough about Linux to figure out how to mount specific partitions from a Debian running in VirtualBox (single partition SD cards auto-mount as I recall, but not multiple).